Management Issues Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Management Issues - Coursework Example A. We use value chain management concepts in our daily life in various capacities. As an employee, we use computer aided programs to save time, plan and ensure that we meet deadlines. We improve the progress through skill enhancement programs, motivating our workers, staying abreast of the latest developments, and trying innovative ideas. MANAGEMENT ISSUES 3 Being process-oriented instead of result oriented, continuous improvement focuses on all activities leading to customer satisfaction and helps in achieving a competitive edge. Q5. Choose some large organisation that you are interested in studying. Research this company to find out what types of operations management strategies it is using. Focus on describing what it is doing that is unusual or effective or both. A. I have chosen Toyota motors for the study. The unusual and effective strategies include adapting lean manufacturing system not only by minimising the plans and inventories but also making the operations more simple, visible and flexible. The company has blended total quality and total people involvement with JIT system. With the introduction of Kanban (card) system for accepting the order at subsequent assembly line, bottlenecks are identified without delays thereby achieving continuous improvement and waste elimination. Allowing the supplier to have an input has developed trust and better think

Short story Essay Example for Free

Short story Essay The speckled band is a 19th century short story, I know this from the type of transport there is, they have steam trains and dog carts. There are also no lights only lamps that have to be lit with matches. You can see that this story is 19th century, as there is no use of electricity. And lack of modern forensic skills, you can tell this from when the take a long time to try and find out who the killer was, this would be made a lot quicker if they had these modern day skills. The bell rope is old fashioned as they are not around now days. There clothes are definitely Victorian, as in the story Dr Roylotts costume was a peculiar mixture of the professional and agricultural. He was wearing a black top hat, a long frock coat and a pair of high gaiters. He had a hunting crop swinging in his hand. This outfit is very old fashioned as people do not wear this type of clothing anymore. The language is 19th century as well for example said he instead of he said. The language is very formal and uses very old vocabulary like metropolis, encompass. The story uses long complex sentences and lots of adjectives to describe the house Stoke Moran. The speckled band is a murder mystery story; there are many things that you can tell this from. It is set in Stoke Moran The building was of grey, lynched blotched stone, with a high central portion and two curving wings the windows were broken and blocked with wooden boards while the roof was partly caved in, a picture of a ruin from this description it doesnt show any sign of colour and would be a typical murder setting. The fact that the story is using Sherlock Holmes it makes it a mystery, as he is a detective. You dont know whom the killer is this also shows that it is a mystery.  There is tension in the speckled band  Ã‚  My god I whispered, did you see it? Holmes was for the moment as startled as I, his hand closed like a vice upon my wrist in his agitation. Then he broke into a low laugh and put his lips to my ear this shows tension as Dr Watson doesnt know what he is suppose to be seeing. It is a nice household he murmured that is the baboon  This tells us that they were scared and didnt know what the baboon was this makes the story more tense. There is also more tension when Holmes had brought up a long thin cane, and this he placed upon the bed beside him. By it he laid the box of matches and the stump of a candle. Then he turned down the lamp and we were left in darkness  This made the story tense as Dr Watson didnt know what was going to happen in the dark. Shall I forget that dreadful vigil? I could hear no sound not even the drawing of a breath and yet I knew that my companion sat opened eyed, within a few feet of me in the state of nervous tension  This shows that Dr Watson was nervous.  There is more tension when Sherlock Holmes saw something  you see it Watson he yelled you see it  Dr watson didnt see anything apart from Sherlocks face deadly pale and filled with horror.

Leadership And Change Management At Mcdonalds Business Essay

Leadership And Change Management At Mcdonalds Business Essay McDonalds started his business in 1940 with 1st restaurant opened in San Bernardino, California by Richard. It was the result of the thoughts of two young brothers, Mac McDonalds and Dick who introduced a new revolutionary restaurant Speedee Service System in 1948 which was established on principles of the modern  fast-food restaurant. Speedee completely replaced with  Ronald McDonalds  by 1967. McDonalds as Trade Mark is time used on May 4, 1961, with the description of Drive In Restaurant Services and still continues until end of June, 2010. The logo M with double arched overlapping as trademark was introduced in Sep 13 1961. The double overlapped as trade mark symbol M as logo temporarily disfavoured by September 6, 1962. The modern double arched M symbol started in November 18, 1968. (McDonalds, 25 August, 2010, http://www.mcdonalds.co.uk ) Big Mac started in 1968, Egg McMuffin started in 1973, Happy Meal for children started in 1979 and Chicken McNuggets started in 1983 .At the present time, McDonalds have more than 31,000 restaurants in 119 different countries of the world of which a lot are franchised. (www.mcdonals.com.uk) McDonalds vision is to become worlds best and quick service experience restaurant for this purpose McDonalds delivering outstanding quality, service, cleanliness, and value, so that we make every customer in every restaurant smile. In mission statements includes best employer or our people in each community around the world, excellent operational for delivery to customers and enduring profitable growth by expanding the brand and leveraging strength of McDonalds through innovation and technology McDonald Corporation ,2010) Change and Resistance to Change: According to Rev Sharon Patterson that which people want to changes are babies who have wet diapers. We can be explained that change is the pain full processes in the place of work towards real physically changes are consists exciting incentives. (Bernerth, 2004) Change Process Model Though we all know and believe that success is change so every one want and need success because everyone want earning profit and want to hold this success but on the other hand we dont forget that every change have some resistances and resistance only in the response of change. (Duck, 1993) According to Duck (1993) bluntly he pointed out that Changes are strongly personal. According to Petersen (2002) many people consider that change basically factor of Fear and uncertainly and some Doubts. (Peterson, 2002) As change broadly accepted all over the world as usual from top management to down management and its also brings high management and those people who are in the capacity of manage by any management they always show resistances against the change before application of change or before forward change its duty of manager to make a such type framework which should be overcome over all resistance before implementation. (Peterson, 2002) Resistance to change can be defined as its an apparent attitude of organization employees or members who are declined to admit any change within organization. (Cheng and Petro Vic Lazar Vic, 2004). James Hunt says Resistance isnt an indication that something is wrong with what you are trying to change. It is an indication that something is happening. Ansoff defined Resistance as its only cause of creation unexpected delays and different types of costs or losses which create instabilities into the process of costs and instabilities into the process of planned change (Ansoff, 1988) Resistance is any employee behaviour trying to stop or delay in any change. (Bemmels and Reshef 1991) Real example of the change process and its implementation. British Airways. Past in 1981, British Airways hired on board of Directors a new chairperson.  When this chairperson joined, he noticed that the company was very unproductive and was wasting a lot of valuable resources in useless activities.  To make the organization efficient and increasing the profit ratio he decided to restructure the entire organization.  He realized that Change Methodology Management Plan is the best way to serve that purpose. (Jean Scheid, 2010) Systematically, the British airways started reducing workforce.  But, before started this, through his change management leadership, the chairman gave the all reasons for the restructuring and privatization of the company in order to prepare them for the future change.  He directed his company through a hard time that could have been terrible without  effective change management resistance communication just only through his Leadership Communication (Jean Scheid, 2010) Scope of the Change at McDonalds. Every organisation has different departments with their own value and importance. These departments have their own specific objective. Marketing is one of them department which is most important part of and company and organisation. So in McDonalds integrated market campaign has played vital role in development of business. This campaign has important goal is adopting latest rules and regulation of health and safety. That is latest styled of awareness about health and safety for the children by focusing the market. Through this IMC, McDonalds has launched new low fat healthy meal deal menu for children and try to give answer of awful advertising of the McDonalds. Moreover, McDonalds have basic aim to make customer happy and proving good healthy diet which is beneficial for the childrens and parent as well. McDonalds have offered new meal deal for childrens which are McKids deal especially for the healthy food of kids. In addition, for progress of business, McDonald has started new integrated marketing communications which has helped out in the advertisement and for convey the message to the customer. This new system has attracted the Childers more than parents. For adopting and accepting the responsibilities McDonalds has make team which will be handle the change as well. This type of strategies will bring change not only in marketing mix and will increase in sale and advertisement as well which will help to achieve their gaols, objective and success. McDonalds has faced many bad responses in the menu of children which is mostly issues were related to nutrition. So IMC has turned the McDonalds status in eyes of the customers. IMC is a developed way to focus on the aim and in progress of company. IMC has helped to promote the advertisement level. Basically purpose or scope of change in McDonalds is application of the integrated Integrated Communication (IMC) as essential part of the strategy of the marketing in McDonalds. In this way of change, very important area where we should attention is the advertisement and promotional activities of the McDonalds. Mostly promotional activities and advertisement campaign concerned with offering new services or any new products through any mode of communication. For this purpose there is lot of sources which are used to for this type advertisement or campaign by company. Basic purpose of this new change to concentrate on sales activities and promotional activities and try to increase sale of the company and this change give the important of Integration Marketing system as important part of the marketing strategy of the company. (McDonalds Corporation 2009) According to Forgeson and Green Basically there are three major categories of change resistances are organizational, group and individual. The following are resistance or conflicts faced by McDonalds during implementation of this change: McDonalds workers, customers, culture and behaviour. (Mabin, Forgeson Green, 2001) Resistances and Conflicts to change at McDonalds:   1st resistances due to reactions of the McDonalds staff and customers of the company, some employees are in favour of this new change and some are against this new change mean using the Integrated Marketing communication. Managers and some employees only against this change due to fear, they think might be this change instead of resolving problem it will increase the problems of the company. There are not only employees have negative reaction towards this change but also customers are not showing positive reaction towards this campaign so it lead o another conflict in the shape of not positive attitude of customers towards this new change in this way McDonalds cant achieve benefit from this change as whole of the company.   One more resistance against this new change of the company the shortage of qualified personnel in company who assigned the maintaining these tasks to maintaining crew and application of this new marketing change but they are not much professional so this is the conflict in the way of new change. The fear of stakeholders of McDonalds for insufficient budget and ineffective use of different mass communication for this new change and chance of failure of this new change is also conflict and resistance in the way of this new change. The difference in culture between the different employees of the organization is another inner conflict. Due to difference in cultures in McDonald in different members of the company so in this way they unable to do work in pleasant environment and in good way and also this cultural leads to create difficulties in the way of implementation of new change in organization. According to Wilkins Dyer the management of the McDonalds and main administration of the McDonald must point out empowerment of the culture of the organization mean the empowerment culture of the McDonalds and should also identify the relation between the empowerment of the culture and planed system of the McDonalds and also relation between both empowerment and culture (Wilkins Dyer, 1988). Recommendation: In restaurant industry managers play vital role in any change so in this way what McDonalds managers pay specific attention at the time of implementation and initiating change towards reducing possible resistances and achieve better organization performance. Manager is the person who initiating and start the change and employees have to accept and adopt it. Through Effective communication, awareness of manager actions, employees attitude and harmonious working situation can be overcome resistances to change and also play important role in attaining better organizational performance. Process for change implementation in Restaurant Industry Effective communication is the most important components in restaurant industry and played a vital role in the success of organizational operations. Effective communication is very important among the managers and employees and among the employees to employees. Good listening skills are the essential for a successful manager of any organization especially in fast growing fast food industry. Before, after and during the change process managers should carefully listen to the employees opinion and should modify the new change according to the opinion of the employee. For implementation of successful change in organization it is compulsory for manager he should always alert regarding employees reaction towards change. McDonalds Managers should realize that if employees against that change and dont want to cooperate with them so in this way customer service delivery will get worse. Conflict may arise amongst colleagues and managers when employees resist change. In this way employees may not perform well which directly effecting reputation of restaurant and might be it will also become cause of resignation of employees. So before implementation of new change McDonalds managers listen very carefully arguments of employees and change the situation according the time need and should avoid the create bad environment in which employees proved poor environment for work and end all go for resignation. Not only this but also they should encourage the employees for better service and development of performance of the company as well as the employees. There should be a proper action of plane for development of or improvement of different customer services and development in working environment within the organization. This strategy or procedure will always encourage to managers as well employees to sure things are well done. We should understand that improvement is with only change. If there is no improvement, it means no change in this way restaurant become sluggish due to not improvement and any other reason like occurring unforeseen and unexpected circumstances in the restaurant and this way it will very difficult to maintain that position in market and compete the competitors. Managers should also provide a pleasant environment to employee for keeping happy to workers and happy workers are great part of high performance and great motivation. Well motivated staff is in this position to do work in good manners and in good pleasant way and strong relations with their colleagues. Its duty of managers to provide and keep very good and pleasant environment for work and we well know a good pleasant environment always get good result and a poor and boring environment always get a poor result and this the negative impact on the repute of the restaurant (A Paton, R. and Maccalman, J. ,2008) Further more, the success of the new change is still under process and difficult to convert the children attitude towards healthy fast food meals. But at the other hand, there are very strong chance for this success due to strong campaign and promotion activates for prompting the characteristics of the this new change. Furthermore, McDonalds should assure the message has been reached to every child in 119 countries where McDonalds is serving for this purpose help from every type media is the best strategy. There should be a new theme for new advertisement I love it even more! and hopefully this new theme and way of advertisement will inspire the parents and also encourage the childrens towards healthy food. This campaign should be long lasting, strong concerned on healthy characteristics of this new change and should be in friendly way like kiddie-friendly way. If McDonalds carefully make plan and use best strategy and good and effective method for implementation of this new change so there are bright chance of the success of this new change and in this way company can achieve very easily mission and objectives of the company. The most concerned of this company to give image of health conscious which is good match with the latest trend of health conscious measures for this world and also for the future world. Conclusion: According to Beverage the management change leaders must be willing to keep their fingers on the pulse of the organization, by monitoring what is working and what is not working and in the change process.   It is duty of managers to reassure, support and take commitment before application of this new change and for getting positively and good result of this new change. The managers should make a strong strategy and should make strong plans of actions regarding this change before implementation of this change and for making this successful. (Beverage (2003) Therefore, we can be concluded now that changes of management is not bad until they enhance the competitiveness and power of an industry. If any change implicated through proper planning and investigation so it will be very effective and will also increase the performance of the organization. So organizations should impose the any change at the right time when studies proved that no time of change. Because we dons forget the change management system not only critical and complex but also very sensitive so only one wrong decision of any company in any change might be it push company to in under clouds and prove harmful for organization profit and inspite giving development instead company feel difficult to survive in perfect market. This is strongly recommendation for McDonalds that must see and again and again ensure that future changes are well very planned there implication is very carefully because these changes will be cause of the success /or failure of any company.

Shakespeares Othello - Iagos Deception as Catalyst for Truth Essay

Iago: Deception as Catalyst for Truth    The audience will achieve a more complete understanding of Iago in The Tragedy of Othello if Iago is viewed as a complex character and not simply as a conventional "villain."   Iago's devious schemes destroy lives both literally and figuratively, but they may also serve to reveal the character of others in intricate ways.   A critical interpretation of Iago reveals that although he is principally a deceiver, he is also a dramatic agent of truth.   Even though his acts are malicious and deceitful, the title "honest Iago" is fitting in the sense that he reveals the true nature of his victims, as well as the propensity for human beings to act in accordance with their inherently dark natures.   While based in deception, Iago's machinations expose the truth of Brabantio's hidden racism, Cassio's inner vanity, and Othello's repressed sexual possessiveness. Iago cleverly emphasizes the issue of race and its association with devilry when he and Roderigo announce to Brabantio that Desdemona has eloped with Othello.   Iago is the first to emphasize the biracial nature of the marriage by referring to Othello as an "old black ram" and to Desdemona as a "white ewe" (1.1.85-86).1   Iago then associates Othello with the image of "the devil" (88) because he is black, warning Brabantio that he has "lost half [his] soul" (84) now that Desdemona is married to Othello.   It is Iago who initially suggests that Othello exemplifies the stereotype that a black person is inherently evil and likely to be a practitioner of witchcraft.   Granted, it is unlikely that Iago's few brief statements give birth to Brabantio as a racist; yet by plaguing Brabantio's thoughts with a dialogue that feeds his natural tendency tow... ...ility to perceive Iago completely is the natural human tendency to deny that which is abhorrent in our own natures, and to find scapegoats on which to place the blame for our darker sides.   As a conventional villain, Iago becomes an easy scapegoat; we place the responsibility for the moral failings of others on his ability to manipulate and deceive.   Yet as an agent of truth, Iago's most meaningful revelation is that we tend to deny the reality that, as human beings, we all possess the propensity to judge what is foreign to us in racist ways, to esteem ourselves too highly, or to be sexually motivated and possessive.   Indeed, Iago has the "last laugh" in being "honest Iago" as an agent of truth-for he manipulates not only the characters, but the audience as well. Note 1. All references to Othello are from the Signet Classic Edition (New York: Penguin, 1998).

A Delicate Issue: Fast Food Essay

Fast food has been steadfastly adored by people throughout the world over the three decades. In the fast food restaurants, customers are always busy getting in line and buying foods on a national scale. Accordingly, employees take orders, and pack various burgers in a flurry. Foods pour in boundlessly, and help-wanted advertisements are constantly attached on one side of a wall. If so, why on earth are people going so wild with enthusiasm over fast food? In fact, several major advantages of fast food products such as hot dogs, hamburgers, pizza, and tacos are convenience, warmth, taste, and accessibility of fast food restaurants. However, Eric Schlosser, the author of Fast Food Nation, is anxious for the riskiness of fast food industry, and he sounds a warning to the nation. In order to grasp the facts of fast food, we need to disclose the basis of his assertions. First, fast food industry is excessively expanding all over the nation. According to a Korean proverb, â€Å"Too much is as bad as too little. See more: Satirical essay about drugs † For example, the McDonald’s Corporation as the most gigantic fast food source of supply makes inroads into small restaurants, and other food industries try to imitate and adopt analogous business ability. Furthermore, in fast food restaurants, there are numerous menus. They have not only burgers and sodas but also foreign dishes such as teriyaki burger, jalapeno burger, and chili bowl. Ultimately, every foreign food restaurant around the fast food restaurants gets a blow. The business ethics are important. It doesn’t matter by law, but it can ethically be a problem. This problem occurs not only in the food service industries but also in agricultural societies. According to Fast Food Nation, â€Å"Family farms are now being replaced by gigantic corporate farms with absentee owners. Rural communities are losing their middle class and becoming socially stratified, divided between a small, wealthy elite and large numbers of the working poor (499). † In this manner, only the industrialized agriculture can survive at this time. Truly, immoderate unevenness of authority corrupts societies. Second, fast foods are relatively unsanitary and have possible effect on genetic health. In Fast Food Nation, Schlosser remarked, â€Å"The meat industry practices that endanger these workers have facilitated the introduction of deadly pathogens, such as E. coli 0157:H7, into America’s hamburger meat, a food aggressively marketed to children. The federal government has the legal authority to recall a defective toaster oven or stuffed animal—but still lacks the power to recall tons of contaminated, potentially lethal meat (499). † Germs especially in meat must be extremely harmful and they can be deadly for our life. Moreover, there are considerable numbers of children customers who like fast foods as a result of various promotions for kids. Since children have much weaker immune system than adults, the germs may lead them to death more easily if the sanitary of fast food doesn’t be improved. Besides, there’s another problem with potatoes. Frozen French fries made from genetically engineered potatoes had been used in McDonald’s for a long time. Most people don’t believe the safety of genetically modified organism. As a matter of fact, GMO is unnatural, and it may bring genetic disease such as an allergic disease occurred from the accident of Brazil nut. In the spring of 2000, fortunately, McDonald’s informed it would no longer purchase those, but how would it guarantee the safety against possible danger of GMO from now on? Truly, fast food corporations are required to have responsibility and business ethics about the nation’s health and safety. Third, working conditions are deteriorated in fast food restaurants. According to Fast Food Nation, â€Å"While a handful of workers manage to rise up the corporate ladder, the vast majority lack full-time employment, receive no benefits, learn few skills, exercise little control over their workplace, quit after a few months, and float from job to job. The restaurant industry is now America’s largest private employer, and it pays some of the lowest wages. The roughly 3. 5 million fast food workers are by far the largest group of minimum wage earners in the United States (497). † Even now, the websites such as Google and Yahoo are overflowing with complaints about poor working conditions in McDonald’s. For example, they continuously hold out for a pay increase, but the situation remains unchanged. In fact, there is a big possibility for unhealthful foods and unfriendliness to customers unless the dissatisfaction of employees doesn’t die down. In the long run, fast food corporations might undergo the severe hardships with employments and merchandising goods. Of course, McDonald’s do charitable works, but those cannot be the fundamental solution. Uncountable people think fast food corporations are able to make much more profit if they show the strong credibility. Improving working conditions is a problem awaiting urgent solution. Overall, there are numerous issues of fast food corporations. Truly, few restaurants such as McDonald’s and Burger King can have both enormous scale and authority in the world. Therefore, they are required to have a lot more business ethics. Moreover, customers should be concerned about and stimulate fast food corporations ceaselessly and strongly. There are a large number of people who are expecting radical changes. Measures to stabilize the people’s distrust and dissatisfaction are urgently needed.

Becoming Members of Society: Learning the Social Meanings

Melvin Richardson Professor Shana Smith English 112 (D22P) March 21, 2013 Machin Rifamos (The Rise of Brown America An argument essay by Melvin Richardson) â€Å"Resistance is futile† is a resounding statement first exclaimed by the alien race called the Borg in the Gene Roddenberry long running television series Star Trek. â€Å"Why do you resist? Asked the Borg commander, Ryker replies â€Å"I like my species the way it is†! Borg commander counters with, â€Å"We only wish to raise quality of life for all species†.This is the last thing you heard before your kind was assimilated and your unique cultural and biological essences absorbed. If you have heard or read this statement before, it’s because it has been the theme of White America since its inception and so has appropriating and assimilating cultures, with racism, class warfare, and loss of ethnic identity as unfortunate by-products. The Xicano (Chicano) was able to evolve and retain their cultural identity and ethnicity by creating a border dialect or language (a Patois) which supports the view of the essayist Gloria Anzaldua’s â€Å"How to Tame a Wild Tongue. This dialect is viewed as sub-cultured jargon in their homeland (Mexico) where Standard Mexican Spanish is spoken and the Working Class English is demanded by their adopted host north of the border, America. Ultimately, the appropriation and assimilation of borderland Mexicans (Hispanic Americans) did not occur as did the Native American Indians or the African Americans that occupy the rest of the nation. However, these Hispanic Americans, who are considered second class in their native home (Mexico) and 3rd class by the U. S.For use many years use of the Spanish language declined in the Chicano Nation because of the immigration of Anglo-Americans and the brutal efforts of the U. S. imperialists to eradicate the Spanish language. Further analysis reveals, the link between language and identity with respect to c ommunity cohesiveness effects self- awareness. The focus of Gloria Anzaldua’s essay, â€Å"How to Tame a Wild Tongue,† focuses on the idea of losing an accent or native language to conform to the current environment. Anzaldua’s essay describe what it was for her, living in a English speaking nvironment, and not being an Anglo, combined with speaking Xicano Spanish and not true Spanish. Many Xicano parents did not pass the Spanish language on to their children, largely because upward mobility in America is directly connected to proper use of the â€Å"Queen’s English† with all its proper enunciations and cultural correctness’s. As substantiated in her piece she stated, â€Å"being caught speaking Spanish at recess—that was good for three licks on the knuckles with a sharp ruler and being sent to the corner of the classroom for talking back to the Anglo teacher when all I was trying to do was tell her how to pronounce my name.The Anglo teacher said, â€Å"If you want to be American, speak American, if you don’t like it, and go back to Mexico where you belong. † However by contrast, now this trend is reversing itself with the rise of Hispanic Americans, both born in the U. S. and the ones that were able to acquire U. S. citizenship. At one time, it seemed that the English language would replace Spanish as the common language of the Xicano Nation, this no longer appears likely. Anzaldua is arguing for the ways in which identity is intertwined with the way we speak and for the ways in which people can be made to feel ashamed of their own tongues.People no matter what race of culture needs a group of like kinds in which to identify their proud ethnicities and heritages. This tendency for oneness or sameness is demonstrated in an article published in the Colorado Gazette â€Å"A New Era in Race Relations? Real life say’s not so much†. William King, professor of Afro-American Studies of the University of Colorado-Boulder, â€Å"insist(s) it's just human nature to seek out people who look like them† he insists there's more to it: blacks and other minorities segregate themselves only because society has taught them that grouping together is the only way to stay safe.In support of this argument I contend that this feeling of being ashamed of one’s own native tongue is nothing less than marginalization, in order to appropriate the labor of the Hispanic Americans to keep them from assimilating into the American mainstream. In the 1960’s American society was influenced by movements that were fighting the political and social injustices of the time. The Xicano movement was no exception. During this time there were visible signs of â€Å"No Dogs or Mexicans Allowed† as well as a general sentiment of segregation based on race and economic class.As the movement started to progress in the Xicano (Hispanic) community, identifying with the term Chicano b ecame widely accepted. This is an evolutionary moment of the language. Although native Mexicans believe that the word Chicano is an ugly term to use when identifying one’s cultural background. To them, Chicano signifies a lower class of the Mexican. The term â€Å"Chicano† seemed to spring up out of very impoverished areas of the Mexican-American neighborhoods known as Barrios.Mexicans, as well as US culture connected the word Chicano with another term called Pachuco or Cholo. Despite the negative connotations and images the term sparks up youth and others (gang members) embrace being Cholo, to call oneself a child of the Mexica. In support of the position taken by Senora Gloria Anzaldua, I titled my piece â€Å"Machin Rifamos† which means â€Å"High achieving† and â€Å"We Rule†. Xicano dialect is an evolutionary event. With the rise of Hispanic Americans in every walk of American life, the â€Å"phoenix effect† is occurring.William Blaine Richardson, governor of New Mexico; Sonya Sotomayor Supreme Court Judge; Linda T. Sanchez U. S. congresswoman; with individuals that not only speak Xicano; need the support of this new powerful evolved group of Americans and potential Americans . The evidence is irreversible and ongoing. By the end of this century, Spanish speakers will comprise the biggest minority group in the U. S. , and the America that has been, conditioned by effortless assimilating, appropriating cultures and native people, miss the boat this time.

Free Essays on The Language Of Laughter

Laughter is part of the universal human vocabulary. All members of the human species understand it. Unlike English, French, or Swahili, one does not have to learn to speak it. We’re born with the capacity to laugh. One of the remarkable things about laughter is that it occurs unconsciously. You don’t decide to do it. While we can consciously inhibit it, we don’t consciously produce laughter. That is why it’s very hard to laugh on command or to fake laughter. It provides powerful, uncensored insights into our unconscious. It simply bubbles up from within us in certain situations. We also know that laughter is a message that we send to other people. We know this because we rarely laugh when we are alone. Laughter is social and contagious. We laugh at the sound of laughter itself. A whole room can erupt in laughter when actually only about a third of the people may know the joke. That is the power of laughter. Most laughter is not about humor; it is about relationships between people. When we laugh, we’re often communicating playful intent. So laughter has a bonding function within individuals in a group. As Victor Borge once said, â€Å"Laughter is the shortest distance between two people.† It’s often positive, but it can be negative too. There’s a difference between â€Å"laughing with† and â€Å"laughing at.† People who laugh at others may be trying to force them to conform or casting them out of the group. Laughter puts things into a new perspective. Everything that makes us laugh is typically something we relate to, but by laughing our brain is opened and sees everything in a different way. Laughter has the remarkable power of making an object come up close, of drawing it into a zone where one can finger it familiarly on all sides, turn it upside down, inside out, and break open its external shell. Laughter demolishes fear and piety before an object, before the world; making of it an object of familiar contact and cle... Free Essays on The Language Of Laughter Free Essays on The Language Of Laughter Laughter is part of the universal human vocabulary. All members of the human species understand it. Unlike English, French, or Swahili, one does not have to learn to speak it. We’re born with the capacity to laugh. One of the remarkable things about laughter is that it occurs unconsciously. You don’t decide to do it. While we can consciously inhibit it, we don’t consciously produce laughter. That is why it’s very hard to laugh on command or to fake laughter. It provides powerful, uncensored insights into our unconscious. It simply bubbles up from within us in certain situations. We also know that laughter is a message that we send to other people. We know this because we rarely laugh when we are alone. Laughter is social and contagious. We laugh at the sound of laughter itself. A whole room can erupt in laughter when actually only about a third of the people may know the joke. That is the power of laughter. Most laughter is not about humor; it is about relationships between people. When we laugh, we’re often communicating playful intent. So laughter has a bonding function within individuals in a group. As Victor Borge once said, â€Å"Laughter is the shortest distance between two people.† It’s often positive, but it can be negative too. There’s a difference between â€Å"laughing with† and â€Å"laughing at.† People who laugh at others may be trying to force them to conform or casting them out of the group. Laughter puts things into a new perspective. Everything that makes us laugh is typically something we relate to, but by laughing our brain is opened and sees everything in a different way. Laughter has the remarkable power of making an object come up close, of drawing it into a zone where one can finger it familiarly on all sides, turn it upside down, inside out, and break open its external shell. Laughter demolishes fear and piety before an object, before the world; making of it an object of familiar contact and cle...

The 4 Best ACT Apps (and How to Use Them in Your Prep)

The 4 Best ACT Apps (and How to Use Them in Your Prep) SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips You can use apps to order food, watch sports, keep up with friends, and even study for the ACT. ACT apps are a somewhat recent phenomenon, but they're pretty appealing. After all, studying on your phone sounds like way more funthan studying from a book. Unfortunately, apps aren't enough to prepare you for the test on their own, but they can be a helpful resource. In this article, I'll explain what ACT prep apps are, list the best ACT apps (most of which are free!), andoffer tips on how to use them effectively. ACT Apps: An Overview As mobile apps have become more popular, a number of ACT prep apps have been created to help students prepare for the ACT. Those who have created them are trying to capitalize on the popularity of mobile apps, and they want to make ACT prep material more accessible for students. If you have an ACT prep app on your phone or tablet, you'll be able to study for the ACT wherever you’re at, whether you’re at home, school, or on a plane. Also, studying on an app is more enjoyable and interactive for some students than using an ACT prep book. Most ACT prep apps are free, but there are some that cost money to purchase. Why ACT Apps Are Not Enough ACT apps can be a good study tool, but you probably won’t be able to solely rely on them to reach your target score. They're helpful, but it takes more than just a piece of technology to to get a killer score on the ACT!You should check out our articles on how to get a perfect score on the ACT and the best ways to study for the ACTfor the best tips and tricks to getting a great score. Additionally, most of the apps don't have sufficient practice questions. There are either too few of them, or they're not representative of the questions you'll get on the ACT. You may need more real ACT questions or realistic practice questions to test your knowledge and improve your content weaknesses. Also, the apps don’t teach you ACT test-taking strategies that can help you. Most of the apps don’t cover test-taking strategies like how to read the ACT Reading and English passages. Furthermore, the majority of the apps aren’t customized to your skill level. To improve your ACT score, you need to focus your time on improving your weaknesses. You may need to get better with your time management on the Science section. Or you may need help with trigonometry. Most of these apps aren’t effective at determining where you’re weak, and they’re not designed to help you focus on the areas in which your skills need to improve. Identify your weaknesses What Makes a Good ACT App? There are specific qualities you should look for in an SAT app. #1: Tons of Realistic Practice Questions The best ACT apps will offer hundreds of practice questions for you to hone your skills. The questions should be presented in the same format as the questions that appear on the ACT, and they should be roughly as difficult as the questions on the official ACT practice tests. Each question should provide a thorough explanation, so you’re able to understand how to correctly answer all of the practice questions. #2: Good User Experience The app should be easy to navigate and use. On some of the apps, the text is hard to read, or the setup of the app makes it difficult to identify the functions and navigate between them. #3: Thorough Content Instruction A good ACT prep app should clearly teach you the content you need to know to excel on the ACT. After reading a lesson or answer explanation, you shouldn’t have any lingering confusion about the topic. A quality app will break down the topic and thoroughly explain it. You should be able to start with limited knowledge of the topic, but then understand it well enough to correctly answer related ACT questions after using the app. A bad app will provide more brief instruction and leave you uncomfortable with a content area you are unsure about. If you have unanswered questions about the topic, you'll need more content instruction. #4: Questions and Lessons Divided by Specific Topics A good app will divide practice questions and content instruction by more specific topics than just Reading, English, Science, and Math. If you know the topics on which you need extra help, you should know exactly where to go. If you need more help with pronoun agreement, you should be able to easily find instruction or practice questions to help you with your knowledge of pronoun agreement. The 4 Best ACT Apps If you want to use ACT apps in your studying, here are four that can provide some benefit to you. All are free of charge, except the official ACT app. Many of the other ACT apps that I’m not mentioning offer an unhelpful basic version, and then you have to pay to upgrade to the â€Å"premium† version for more practice questions and content instruction. #1: ACT Online Prep iTunes|Google Play This is the ACT’s official prep app, and it advertises itself as the only app that can help you accurately predict your ACT score. It’s definitely helpful, but it costs $39.95 and comes as part of thepurchase of the ACT's online prep program. It’s customized to your skill level, it has practice questions and a test with real ACT questions, and it offers thorough content review. Also, there are gaming features that allow you to test your knowledge and compete with your friends. That's not to mention the fact that this app isofficial,so you know you're getting the best information possible. Honestly, the biggest drawbackto this app is the price. #2: Ready4 ACT iTunes |Google Play This app offers 60 lessons, 1,000 virtual flashcards that provide explanations to example questions, and 1,000 practice questions. Initially, you take a diagnostic test of eight questions and the app will customize a course of instruction for you. Because there aren’t many questions on the diagnostic, the app may not accurately determine your current skill level. This app is definitely one of the better free ACT prep apps. It offers content instruction, you can take a mock ACT with up to 100 questions, it offers many good realistic practice questions, and the explanations to the questions are complete. It’s still not perfect, though. The content instruction it provides is pretty brief, so it may not be enough if you’re struggling with a topic. Also, the user experience isn't ideal. For the Reading and English questions, the passages and questions are on different screens, and it was a little difficult for me to find the underlined portion of the passage for the English questions. #3: ACT: Practice, Prep, Flashcards iTunes |Google Play This app, which was designed by the tutoring company Varsity Tutors, has a ton of features. Itincludes practice tests, single-section diagnostic tests, questions of the day, and flashcards with practice questions and explanations. You can also make your own flashcards and find a tutor via the app. You’ll have to pay for the tutor, though, and the prices for one-on-one tutoring aren't clearly listed. The app's major benefit is its wealth of practicequestions, and since they're divided by topic, you can drill your specific weaknesses. Unfortunately,there’s no mention of test-taking strategies nor anycontent instruction other than explanations of the practice questions. But for a free app, you can't beat the amount of information! #4: ACT Prep Coach Practice Test iTunes | Google Play On the upshot, this test prep app by Magoosh (which updates regularly!) gives users a lot to love. The app combines study tips, helpful articles, and test practice questions, and it even offers users a practice test. The free tier is pretty robust in that you can access all the most recent articles along with 100 video lessons and 63 practice questions. I think the free trial gives you enough good information to get started. The premium version of this app boasts tons more content, including nearly 700 practice questions and more than double the video content. But the pricing model for premium isn't clear. Is it a one-time purchase or a subscription? How much does premium cost? All of this information- which is pretty important- seems to be hidden from users, so it's hard to know whether a premium subscription is really worth it. How to Use ACT Apps in Your Studying As I previously mentioned, ACT apps can be a good resource, but you shouldn’t rely solely on them in your ACT prep. Here’s are a few tips on howto useapps effectively, rather than as a way to avoid more productive study methods. #1: For Additional Practice Questions For ACT practice questions, focus on the official released ACTs. These questions will most closely resemble the questions you’ll find on your ACT. Also, you can get the Official ACT Prep Guide, which has three official tests with answer explanations. The ACT prep apps are a good supplement to these resources, and they provide a ton of questions for you to continue to drill and test your knowledge. #2: To Improve Your Weaknesses If you know the types of questions on which you struggle, you can use apps to do more questions related to those topics or get more content instruction. Use the apps that divide questions by specific topics, and you should focus on the topics with which you need the most help.Don’t just dogeometryquestions if you’re already getting all of those questions right. #3: To Change Up Your Study Routine If you’re always using the same book or website to study, then you can use an ACT app to alter your normal routine. Sometimes, changing your regular routine can energize you and give you additional motivation to study. FinalRecommendations ACT apps can help you in your ACT preparation, if you use them in conjunction with other resources. The apps work best once you already have a solid foundation, namely if you'refamiliar with all the content on the ACT and aware ofyour current weaknesses. Also, keep in mind that you’ll have to learn test-taking strategies elsewhere. If you want needa free resource to learn ACT content and strategies, I'd recommendchecking outthe articles on this blog! What's Next? Are you trying to improve your ACT score? Learn how to study for and ace the ACT. Is your ACT coming up very soon and you haven't adequately prepared? Read our guide to cramming for the ACT. What score should you be aiming for on the ACT? We've got an article that coverswhat exactly a "good" score looks like, along with tips on how to get there. Want to improve your ACT score by 4 points? Check out our best-in-class online ACT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your ACT score by 4 points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes your prep program to your strengths and weaknesses. We also have expert instructors who can grade every one of your practice ACT essays, giving feedback on how to improve your score. Check out our 5-day free trial:

Denver Art Museum Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Denver Art Museum - Essay Example I entered into the museum, I felt like entering into a new world, which was a world of art and creativity. An important thing that I noticed was the behavior of the administrative staff. The administrative staff of the museum was very cooperative and well mannered. During my visit, I saw a large number of people from different backgrounds, races, and religions in the museum. Everyone was admiring the collection of artworks as well as the way the artworks were housed in the museum. However, the number of people present in the museum was the least enjoyable factor for me because I could not get the assistance of the administration staff properly. There were a large number of people whereas the number of staff members was very less. The most enjoyable thing for me was the light music that was being played which was adding to the beauty of overall environment of the museum. Another considerable thing was the ethnic and cultural diversity of America that Denver art museum reveals. I can never forget my trip to the Denver art museum because it created a new image of America in my mind, which was the image of a culturally diverse America. Let me now describe two pieces of art from Asian art, which I really liked on my trip to the museum. 1. Shiva, King of Dancers Retrieved from http://www.denverartmuseum.org/explore_art/collections/objectDetails/objectId--104894 ‘Shiva, King of Dancers’ was created by an Indian artistic genius, named Narja Narayan according to some art historians, in the tenth century AD. The sculpture was created using bronze material and the dimensions of the sculpture are 111.51 x 101.64 cm (43 6/8 x 40.5 inches). Shiva, represented as Nataraja, is one of the most amazing symbols of divine powers. Storl states, â€Å"As Nataraja, Shiva appears as the king of dancers with a drum in one hand and a fire in the other† (34). The sculpture reveals a concept of Shiva dancing in and out of the existence of the world. â€Å"The sound of his drum heralds its creation; his burning flame signals its final conflagration† (â€Å"Asian Art†). In the sculpture, it is shown that on e hand of Shiva is up whereas the other one is down. The up hand shows that Shiva is relieving the emotions of fear whereas the other hand is towards his foot, which he has raised up in a dancing position revealing the sense of freedom. According to Berkson, Shiva shows a trancelike face expression in the sculpture (12). Shiva is shown dancing in a circle of time revealing a sense of independence and self-rule. Summing it up, the bronze made sculpture of Shiva attracts everyone because of its style, design, creativity, and feelings that it gives to the visitors. 2. Family of Tigers Retrieved from http://www.denverartmuseum.org/collections/objectDetails/objectId--104878 ‘Family of Tigers’ was created by a Korean artist in 1600s. The painting was created using ink and color on paper and the dimensions of the painting are 23 x 14 5/7 inches (58.5 x 37.1 cm). In the 1600s, people used to admire Korean tigers for their independent spirit and strength (â€Å"Asian Art† ). The painting reveals the mindset of Korean people of the past time when they believed tigers as guardians of their households. At that time, people used to create paintings of tigers on the papers in order to hang them on the walls of their houses. The painting also shows

Global Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Global Marketing - Essay Example Many multinational corporations target customers from different parts of the world. It is imperative for marketers to customize their advertising efforts depending on the global market they are targeting. People from Europe have different taste than American customers. Global marketing has increased in popularity during the 21st century. Marketers today are using a wide variety of tools and techniques to reach the global masses. One of the most popular tools that global marketers are using to send messages to customers is the internet. The internet is a very effective marketing tool because marketers can run campaigns through the internet at lower costs in comparison with traditional media such as the television. Another advantage of the internet for global marketers is that anyone around the world can gain access to a website by typing in the URL. A lot of global marketers are taking advantage of the trend of internet surfers visiting a few times per day social media websites. The l argest social media website, Facebook, is estimated to have one billion users by the end of 2012 (Purdueexponent). The users on Facebook account for one-seventh of the world population. Another popular method global marketers use to reach the masses is television commercials during major sporting or social events. During 2012 global marketers paid up to $4 million for a 30 second ad during the Super Bowl (Yglesias, 2012). An important factor that global marketers must take into consideration is the culture of the country the firm wants to penetrate. The over 200 countries around the world have different cultures, thus marketers have to adapt their marketing campaigns to meet the taste and preferences of the global customers. Consumer Behavior Consumer behavior studies how individuals, groups, and organizations select, buy, use, and dispose goods, services, ideas, or experiences to satisfy their needs and desires (Kotler). To understand consumer behavior markers have to spend time an d resources doing market research. Consumer behavior varies depending on the age, race, and gender of the person among other factors. Companies from all industries must pay close attention to consumer behavior. Companies that are able learn about the consumer behavior of its target market are usually more successful. Understanding consumer behavior is a very challenging task. â€Å"Consumer may say one thing but do another.† (Kotler). Investing money to understand consumer behavior can be very beneficial because it can increase the total sales of a company. Time and experience are two factors that can positively influence in the efforts of companies to learn about consumer behavior. There are different stages of the buying process of customers. The six stages of customer behavior are: problem recognition, information search, evaluation of alternatives, purchase decision, purchase, and post purchase evaluation (Udel). Customers often change their purchasing behavior during the ir lifetime. The taste of teenagers, adults, and senior citizens are much different. The income capacity of a consumer influences their purchasing decisions. Many multinational corporations invest millions of dollars in marketing in order to attract customers. The fast food industry invested in 2010 $4.2 billion in advertising (Philpott). Advertising has the effect of creating interest of customers in goods and services. Many consumers are impulsive buyers. The use of discounts and specials is often used by the retail industry to attract customers. It is important for businesses to obtain customer retention. Based on Pareto’s rule 80% of a firm’s sales comes from 20% of its customers. Another way to increase customer retention is by

Globalization of Financial Markets SLP Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Globalization of Financial Markets SLP - Essay Example nd of the Second World War, organizations such as the International Monetary Fund, the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the GATT has spearheaded efforts for trade and development the world over (Caruana, 2007). Thus the goal of globalization is fast becoming a reality. The GATT gave way to the WTO or World Trade Organization on January 1, 1995. The WTO is a better representative of world trade with a membership of more than 150 countries of all sizes from various parts of the globe. However, globalization has been regarded as a two edged sword by some developing nations. They state that opening their borders to the more developed nations result in a gain to the developed economies while putting themselves at a loss. This is because the international franchises fast take over the new territories. People are attracted to them and spend a lot of money there, resulting in capital outflows to the developed world. There is a strong case for protecting the home industries from being ruined by opening the doors to globalization. Also the membership of the WTO requires adherence to the principles of non-discrimination, reciprocity, binding and enforceable commitments and transparency, the larger and more stable economies generally get more favorable status . Standards of quality control demanded by developed nations like the ISO certification may be hard to achieve by less technologically developed nations (Berniker et al., 2001). Let us take the case of Brazil. Brazil is one of the world’s leading economies and has the fastest growth in Latin America. It imports machinery, oil, electrical and transport equipment, chemicals, electronic goods and auto parts (CIA World Factbook, 2011). It exports steel, paper, iron ore, soybeans and coffee. China, the USA and Argentina rank among its best trading partners in terms of volume of trade conducted with them. Exposure to world markets has undoubtedly affected the price of coffee and soybeans both at home

Chinese art - From the Foundation-fount of Painting Essay

Chinese art - From the Foundation-fount of Painting - Essay Example The essay "Chinese art - From the Foundation-fount of Painting" discovers Chinese philosophy of art from the foundation fount of painting. Chinese painters were a conservative bunch. They did not see the relevance of exploring other themes aside from their culture until the Europeans came to their land. However, this does not mean that the Chinese art of painting did not evolve at all. Initially, the painters were tied to making frescoes on temple and palace walls. The frescoes’ themes were mostly religious in temples while in palaces, the paintings were meant to celebrate the ruling family at that time. From frescoes, painting shifted to silk surfaces and paper. Artists relied on their own inspiration and pleasures to come up with the paintings. Painters concentrated on the beauty of landscapes and also strived to keep the memory of prominent leaders and individuals from disappearing once their eras came to a close. From literati paintings that concentrated on landscapes, hum ans and physical things, the craft shifted to formless beings and creatures. The painters became conscious of the spiritual world and they tried to enjoin the visible and invisible world through their paintings. At this point, art was acknowledged as a power to explore both the physical and spiritual world. They believed that physical creatures depended on these formless creatures for survival. Quoting from the text: what has form must rest on the without form. This means that physical life is a continuation.

Discovering Cultural Models from the Analysis of Discourse Essay

Discovering Cultural Models from the Analysis of Discourse - Essay Example Members of any given culture create chunks of meaning, like the above, and use them in discourse. Finding, identifying and describing these cultural â€Å"chunks† is the purview of the ethnographer. Quinn searched for metaphors to identify cultural chunks. This eliminated a lot of processing, because almost all the sentences which contain metaphors have cultural models. Quinn used the same information in the models to verify the model. That is, the causal relationship between the model and its concepts will verify that it is a cultural model. To confirm this one only needs to talk with two or more informant about the model and verify that they use it in the same way and understand that it contains the same causal relationship and concepts. For example, saying that the bride could not wear white in the twentieth century western English speaking world meant that a woman had been married before or was not a virgin. People today still understand this concept, even though the signi ficance has vanished. Further, discourse transcripts can be used to identify the cultural models by identifying the causal relationship to the concepts. So a person using the previous phrase can be assumed to be a member of a culture which uses or used this model. Verifying requires that all alternatives be eliminated. Quinn uses the example of a watch in a box, which can be identified by opening the box and looking. Shaking the box is not enough, because it could be something else. However, if one could hear the ticking by placing the ear on the box, one might assume it is a watch quite safely, using the strong probability. Of course this only works with a watch which ticks. However, one should then corroborate it by looking in the box, or asking the person who has looked or who put it there if it is a watch. The most basic linguistic concepts seem to be universal: ideas like want, need, see, hear, think, know and feel.

Effective Tools and Tips for Getting the Most from Your Work Relations Assignment

Effective Tools and Tips for Getting the Most from Your Work Relationships by Mathew Gilbert - Assignment Example Mathew Gilbert has written extensively on business, spirituality, and psychology topics. He has also served as an editorial director at the renowned Institute of Noetic Sciences. Apart from authoring Communication Miracles at Work, Gilbert is also the author of The Workplace Revolution. This book provides its readers with the ability to identify some of the obstacles to effective communication in the workplace. This book also outlines some of the ways of breaking bad communication habits and how employees can communicate effectively at their workplace to achieve harmony in the workplace. The major topics in this book include; the role that stress plays in ineffective communication, influencing corporate culture on the ability of employees to get along with one another, gender issues, and effective communication skills for navigating a variability of real-world situations (Gilbert 34). The author, Gilbert also offers practical advice to its readers that can be applied to any job situation. In essence, this book practically demonstrates that improving communication within an organization is the key to having and enjoying a better day-to-day work experience. The author starts off by first of all talking about the work itself and how it has gone through changes over the years. In his opinion, this author claims that most companies were initially straitlaced, with lots of earnest men dressed in starched white shirts and conservative ties undertaking narrow but important roles with steadfast commitment (Gilbert 9). There existed specific rules, clear chains of commands and a general drone of commerce. This defined the times when companies like IBM, Ford and General Electric ruled the Western World. Unfortunately, this is no more since more women are in the workforce, there is more autonomy for employees, there are more teamwork and partnering, there is flextime and job shares, and the ever-growing multicultural diversity. As a matter of fact, the modern day workplace bears little resemblance to the one in which our fathers made a life commitment to work in (Gilbert 10).  Ã‚  

Chinese art - From the Foundation-fount of Painting Essay

Chinese art - From the Foundation-fount of Painting - Essay Example The essay "Chinese art - From the Foundation-fount of Painting" discovers Chinese philosophy of art from the foundation fount of painting. Chinese painters were a conservative bunch. They did not see the relevance of exploring other themes aside from their culture until the Europeans came to their land. However, this does not mean that the Chinese art of painting did not evolve at all. Initially, the painters were tied to making frescoes on temple and palace walls. The frescoes’ themes were mostly religious in temples while in palaces, the paintings were meant to celebrate the ruling family at that time. From frescoes, painting shifted to silk surfaces and paper. Artists relied on their own inspiration and pleasures to come up with the paintings. Painters concentrated on the beauty of landscapes and also strived to keep the memory of prominent leaders and individuals from disappearing once their eras came to a close. From literati paintings that concentrated on landscapes, hum ans and physical things, the craft shifted to formless beings and creatures. The painters became conscious of the spiritual world and they tried to enjoin the visible and invisible world through their paintings. At this point, art was acknowledged as a power to explore both the physical and spiritual world. They believed that physical creatures depended on these formless creatures for survival. Quoting from the text: what has form must rest on the without form. This means that physical life is a continuation.

Effective Tools and Tips for Getting the Most from Your Work Relations Assignment

Effective Tools and Tips for Getting the Most from Your Work Relationships by Mathew Gilbert - Assignment Example Mathew Gilbert has written extensively on business, spirituality, and psychology topics. He has also served as an editorial director at the renowned Institute of Noetic Sciences. Apart from authoring Communication Miracles at Work, Gilbert is also the author of The Workplace Revolution. This book provides its readers with the ability to identify some of the obstacles to effective communication in the workplace. This book also outlines some of the ways of breaking bad communication habits and how employees can communicate effectively at their workplace to achieve harmony in the workplace. The major topics in this book include; the role that stress plays in ineffective communication, influencing corporate culture on the ability of employees to get along with one another, gender issues, and effective communication skills for navigating a variability of real-world situations (Gilbert 34). The author, Gilbert also offers practical advice to its readers that can be applied to any job situation. In essence, this book practically demonstrates that improving communication within an organization is the key to having and enjoying a better day-to-day work experience. The author starts off by first of all talking about the work itself and how it has gone through changes over the years. In his opinion, this author claims that most companies were initially straitlaced, with lots of earnest men dressed in starched white shirts and conservative ties undertaking narrow but important roles with steadfast commitment (Gilbert 9). There existed specific rules, clear chains of commands and a general drone of commerce. This defined the times when companies like IBM, Ford and General Electric ruled the Western World. Unfortunately, this is no more since more women are in the workforce, there is more autonomy for employees, there are more teamwork and partnering, there is flextime and job shares, and the ever-growing multicultural diversity. As a matter of fact, the modern day workplace bears little resemblance to the one in which our fathers made a life commitment to work in (Gilbert 10).  Ã‚  

The Catalase Lab Essay Example for Free

The Catalase Lab Essay Conclusion- The Researcher’s hypothesis, â€Å"If more catalase is added then more oxygen (kPa) will be produced in a faster rate because there is more catalase to react upon† and â€Å"if less catalase is added then less oxygen (kPa) will be produced in a slower rate because there is less catalase to react upon.† It was supported by the data obtained because the data obtained showed us that the data of the 5 filter paper obtained showed a faster reaction rate and there was an 85. 5 kPa increase (See Analysis). The data of the 1 filter paper obtained showed a slower reaction rate of 12 kPa average increase. Based on the regular result of the 2 filter paper that showed a reaction rate of 22 kPa average increase, that shows that the hypothesis was supported. In the researcher’s opinion, the experiment went well and got the results that we expected. The reason we got the result that we did was because the hydrogen peroxide had more catalase to break down which caused more bubbles which creates oxygen. More catalase, more oxygen that is produced by the breakdown of the catalase. It’s shown by the data that 5 filter papers produced more oxygen (85.5 kPa) than the 2 filter paper (22 kPa) and the 1 filter paper produced less oxygen (12 kPa) than the 2 filter paper. During the experiment, there were couple of errors that caused our data to be inaccurate that we could of improved on. One of our errors was during the 2 filter paper trial. During one of the trial, around the 5-10 second period, I let out a little gas out of the test tube which lowered the kPa pressure. It’s shown on the graph that the pressure has dropped around the 5-10 second range by 4 kPa so that made the result inaccurate. This affected our average of the 2 filter paper average gas pressure. This could have been prevented if I didn’t loosen up the stopper which lead to the escape of gas in the test tube. Another error that we had that we can improve on is the constant pressure that is put onto the stopper on the test tube to measure the gas pressure. It’s shown on the graph that trial 1 2 of each 1,2, 4 filter paper is not consistent showing the difference between trial 1 trial 2 This can affect the kPa average which shows inconsistency. This could have been prevented if we didn’t put so much pressure on the stopper on 1 trial and then not put as much pressure on the stopper on the next trial. Research shows that this can help determine how much oxygen can be produced is to get the hydrogen peroxide to react to the catalase. Research shows that the different environment can affect the production of oxygen in the experiment. More catalase leads to more oxygen production and less catalase leads to less oxygen production. This can be used to determine how chemical breaks different things down and what it produces in the end. Also shows that different environment can change results of different chemical reactions. Hydrogen Peroxide is used on cuts to clean out debris. The Hydrogen Peroxide bubbles because the catalase in the blood is in contact with the peroxide which bubbles out the debris.

Analysis Of The UV Visible Spectroscopy Biology Essay

Analysis Of The UV Visible Spectroscopy Biology Essay Purpose of this term paper is to describe working principle, instrumentation, data collection and data analysis of the UV-Visible spectroscopy which is also known as electron spectroscopy. In working principle, Beer-lambert law correlate absorption of light to concentration of substance in solution. Parts of UV-Visible spectrometer have been described. Data analysis and data collection section describe how data collected by system and what type of information we can get from the data collected from UV-Visible spectroscopy. In the end we conclude what we learn from the project. Introduction: In spectroscopy, matter is been exposed to radiative energy (light, high energy electron, high energy ions etc.), at that time it can interact with matter according to atoms or molecule are present in system. Depending on its interaction with material gives different information about the matter. In short, spectroscopy is the study of the interaction between matter and radiated energy. Absorption, emission, elastics scattering, inelastic scattering are major interaction between radiative energy and matter. In absorption, radiated energy is absorbed by matter. In emission, electron will excite and goes to higher energy level, then when it goes to ground state it will emits electromagnetic waves. When electron and radiative energy interact, but they dont exchange energy, this type of interaction are called elastic scattering, and if electron and radiative energy exchange energy, then this type of interaction are called nonelastic interaction. The selection of the spectroscopy to analysis the sample is depending on what is present in the sample. For example, if atoms of sample are targeted to analysis, X-ray spectroscopy and XRF (X-ray fluorescent) are useful. If molecules of sample are targeted to analysis, Infrared, Raman, visible, UV-visible spectroscopy, and fluorescence spectroscopy are useful. Raman and Infrared spectroscopy are complementary to each other. Same way, UV-visible spectroscopy is complementary to fluorescence spectroscopy. UV-Visible spectroscopy usually used for quantitative analysis of different molecule like transition metal ions, highly conjugated organic compound, and biological macromolecule. UV-Visible spectroscopy use UV light and visible light for analysis of sample. Range of Visible light is 400nm to 800nm. Where UV light has range from 400nm to 200nm which usually used in spectroscopy. Energy associate with 800 nm visible light is 36 kcal/mole. Energy associated with 400 nm visible light is 72 kcal/mole. UV light used in UV-Visible spectroscopy is up 200 nm because smaller then this range it is difficult to handle. So, UV light which has energy less than 200 nm doesnt use frequently. UV light which has wavelength 200 nm, energy associated with it is 143 kcal/mole. Figure 1: Energy band diagram of molecule here it shows HOMO and LUMO (bonding and anti-bonding) energy level Figure 1 is showing general energy band diagram which has energy level HOMO (highest occupied molecular orbital), LUMO (lowest unoccupied molecular orbital). HOMO is also known as bonding energy level. And LUMO is also known as anti-bonding energy level. In this diagram, shows some exciting possibility in molecular electron from lower energy orbital to higher energy orbital. However, from UV-Visible spectroscopy, electron gain only enough energy to excitation from à Ã¢â€š ¬ (bonding) to à Ã¢â€š ¬* (anti-bonding) energy level or from n (non-bonding) energy to à Ã¢â€š ¬* (non-bonding) energy level. For other excitation, it will require even higher energy that UV or Visible light can provide. So, using UV-Visible spectroscopy we can measure first two left hand sides to excitation from diagram. UV-Visible spectroscopy is also known as electronic spectroscopy because it measure absorption of light by electron. When sample molecules are exposed to light having an energy that equals a possible electronic transition within the molecule from HOMO to LUMO, some of the light energy will be absorbed as the electron is promoted from lower energy à Ã¢â€š ¬ orbital to a higher energy orbital like à Ã¢â€š ¬* orbital. An optical spectrometer records absorption at each wavelength and present as graph of absorbance vs. wavelength. Range of absorbance ranges from 0 (no absorption) to 2 (99% absorption) calculate by spectrometer. Here in UV-Visible spectroscopy, Beer-Lambert law has been used to find concentration of absorbing solute in the solution. When a light passes through a solution, due to interaction with material some of the light might be absorbed and the remaining light transmitted through the solution. The ratio of the initial intensity (entering the sample (Io)) and final intensity (exiting the sample (It)) of light at a certain wavelength is defined as the transmittance (T). Most of the time it has been expresses as percent transmittance. And the absorbance (A) of a sample is the negative logarithm of the transmittance. Equation : Beer-Lambert law which correlate transmittance to initial intensity and final intensity Equation : Beer-Lambert law which correlate Absorption to transmittance Here, Io is initial intensity (entering intensity) and It is final intensity (exiting intensity), T is transmittance, A is absorption. The absorbance of a sample at a given wavelength is equal to the absorptivity of the substance, path length and concentration of the substance. Value of the absorptivity of the substance depends on the wavelength. For different wavelength, value of the absorptivity is different. The path length is the distance the light travels through the sample. Equation : Beer-Lambert law which correlate absorptivity, path length, concentration of substance Here, is absorptivity of the substance, l is path length; and c is concentration of the substance. Commonly, and l are constant for experiment because depending on material is fix value and experiment length of path (l) is also fix for each experiment. So, using these equations we can calculate the concentration of substance in given sample. Instrumentation: Figure 2: Working principal of UV-Visible spectroscopy [3] Ultraviolet (UV) and Vis light spectroscopy has been shown is figure-1. This device contains UV light source and visible light source, slits, Diffraction grating, filters, mirrors, reference cuvette, sample cuvette, lenses and detectors. Light source: This device has two light sources. Depending on the sample either UV or Visible light source will be used. Using Mirrors light will be concentrated on Diffraction gritting. Usually UV light source has range from 200nm to 400nm, and visible has range of 400nm to 800nm. For UV light source, Hg bulb is used. And For Visible light source, Tungsten is uses. Diffraction gritting and filter: Diffraction gritting converts light source into its component wavelength light. Prism can be used instead of diffraction gritting. Then Created single wavelength light is given to half mirror Half mirror: Half mirror is special kind of mirror which can provide two same intensity output from single input sources. In our device, it will be used to provide same intensity single wavelength light to the reference cuvette, and sample cuvette which contain only solvent. Solvent can also interact with the sample. So it is necessary to measure light interaction with solvent which later can be remove from sample which contain solvent and solute to measure light interaction with solute which is area of interest. Reference Cuvette and Sample Cuvette: In UV- Vis spectroscopy, it is very important to compare intensity to get transmission. Light is passes through the both cuvette. Absorption is done at this stage; level of absorption will depend on the sample and the reference themselves. Lens and Detector: Lenses will be used to focus and magnify the output reference beam (I0) and output sample beam (I). Here I0 should be absorbed just little Detector will be used to detect these signals and convert into electrical signals which can be further understand using software and computer. Figure 3:   Shimadzu 1650PC, UV-visible Spectrophotometer. [2] Data Collection [4] [5]: Instrument was SHIMADZU UV 1601. Absorption of liquid and thin film can be measured by this instrument. Liquid Sample For liquid or solution, cuvette is used. It is required reference solution containing cuvette, and sample containing cuvette. In reference cuvette, it will have only solvent. Using this data, absorption for cuvette and solvent can be understood. Using data of sample containing cuvette, absorption for cuvette, the sample and solvent can be understood. Surface of cuvettes must be cleaned after filling the liquid to make sure surface does not have any dust particles. Using software, Method is needed to be defined. In our Method, wavelength range is 300 nm to 1100 nm; scan speed is medium; sampling interval is 1 nm; scan mode is single. A 1st need to do is measure reference (baseline, solvent only). It is also important that reference cuvette is inserted in reference stage not in sample stage. Mounting of cuvette is very important. Cuvette has two types of surface. Cuvette has two transparent sides and two semi-transparent sides. Transparent sides need to be aligned so light beam can enter and exit from transparent sides. Load the reference sample. Define wavelength range (1100-300nm) scan in software. It will take about 2 min to finish scan for reference. It is also important to do it reference scanning process again if you change the type of the sample, cuvette or solvent. Secondly, low concentration seldibrdge (2.9*10^-6 mole/L) chromophore sample will be loaded in another cuvette and it will be loaded in to sample stage. In software, start scanning button is clicked. Scanning of the sample will also take about 2 min. When scanning is finished new window will appeared and will ask for file name and file description. Now on screen you will able to see typical graph absorption spectrum of seldibrdge chromophore. Computer will assign some peaks. To access this information peak button on screen will be pressed. After that computer will provide table which include Wavelength and Absorption. This table and concentration of the sample is useful to calculate extinction coefficient or molar absorptivity. This calculation will be done by Beer-Lambert Law. Third, high concentration seldibrdge chromophore (2.9*10^-5 mol/L) sample will be loaded in another cuvette and it will be loaded in to sample stage. Concentration is almost 10 times more than low concentration. It will be loaded in to sample stage. In software, start scanning button is clicked. Scanning of the sample will also take about 2 min. Data can be stored by using Data Print Table extension and it will information in notepad. Thin film Sample is dissolved in polymer matrix and applied on glass substrate. For this process, glass substrate is used as sample. It is very important to not to touch surface of the glass substrates. It is also required to make sure it does not have any dust particles on it. Then load reference sample in reference stage and press baseline button on computer screen. After that, sample is put on sample stage. It is important to orient the sample surface side, so light can directly interact with thin film first rather than glass substrate. Then press start on computer screen. Data table and Spectrum chart will be provide by computer. Data can be saved as the above description. In thin film, concentration is unknown, so extinction co-efficient cannot be calculated. For thin film maximum absorption is important factor. Data analysis: Chromophore is part of molecule which is responsible for its color. So, during UV-Visible spectroscopy electrons in chromophore are interacting with light. Table 1 is giving data about different chromophore. Chromophore may be present in solvent. So, we require selecting proper solvent to measure chromophore of solute. Not all the solvent can be used in UV-Visible spectroscopy. For example, oxygen non-bonding electrons in alcohols do not give rise to absorption above 160 nm. So, we can use as solvent for UV-Visible spectroscopy. Common solvent can be used in UV-Visible spectroscopy are Hexane (alkane), ethanol (alcohol), water. However, if we used UV light which has wavelength are lower than 200 nm, then we cant use alcohol because it create very sharp peak. Chromophore Example Excitation ÃŽÂ »max, nm Ɇº Solvent C=C Ethene à Ã¢â€š ¬__>  Ã‚   à Ã¢â€š ¬* 171 15,000 Hexane Cà ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¡C 1-Hexyne à Ã¢â€š ¬__>  Ã‚   à Ã¢â€š ¬* 180 10,000 Hexane C=O Ethanal n  __>  Ã‚  Ãƒ Ã¢â€š ¬* à Ã¢â€š ¬__>  Ã‚  Ãƒ Ã¢â€š ¬* 290 180 15 10,000 hexane hexane N=O Nitromethane n__>  Ã‚  Ãƒ Ã¢â€š ¬* à Ã¢â€š ¬__>  Ã‚  Ãƒ Ã¢â€š ¬* 275 200 17 5,000 ethanol ethanol C-X X=Br          X=I Methyl bromide Methyl Iodide n__>  Ã‚  Ãƒ Ã†â€™* n__>  Ã‚  Ãƒ Ã†â€™* 205 255 200 360 hexane hexane Table 1: Some measured data by UV-Visible spectroscopy. As describe in introduction, using transmittance, we can calculate concentration peak. However, all the data in computer give form of absorbance vs. wavelength or Ɇº vs. wavelength. Sometime value of log Ɇº is taken in place of Ɇº. There are some graph obtain from UV-Visible spectroscopy. Both Ɇº (molar absorptivity) and A (absorption) are changing with different wavelength. Figure-4 is absorbance vs. wavelength graph for C5H6O. Figure 5 is graph of Ɇº vs. wavelength for different conjugate compound which has same chemical formula. In graph, each peak represents a certain excitation. Figure 7 shows two different excitation, first excitation is from à Ã¢â€š ¬ to à Ã¢â€š ¬* and second excitation is from n to à Ã¢â€š ¬*. Both excitations have pick value at different wavelength. For excitation à Ã¢â€š ¬ to à Ã¢â€š ¬*, maximum Ɇº value is around 250 nm. And for excitation n to à Ã¢â€š ¬*, maximum Ɇº value is around 300 nm. From figure 5 and 6 we can say that as number of Chromophore, curve shift to longer wavelength; however number of picks doesnt change if Chromophore is same. However, for aromatics compound, as ring increase, number of pick are increasing. Due to different Chromophore present in molecule, it will effect on maximum absorption wavelength. There different terms are assigned for different type of shift which can see in table 2. Figure 4: UV-Visible spectroscopy results for C = C and C = C Chromophore for particular chemical compound at specific pH, and solvent. [1] Figure 5: UV-Visible spectroscopy results for conjugated compound. [1] Figure 6: UV-Visible spectroscopy results for conjugated compound [1] Figure 7: UV-Visible spectroscopy results for C = C and C = O Chromophore for particular chemical compound at specific pH, and solvent. [1] pH of system is also effect on absorption peak. Diluted Copper sulfate solution is very light blue. However, if you add ammonia which will change pH more than 7, color of solution will change due to change in absorption peak and intensity. Following figure 8, is UV-Visible spectra of phenolphthalein at different pH value. Figure 8: UV-Visible spectra of phenolphthalein (0.103 mmol cm-3) at pH 13 solid light line, pH 9 solid dark line, pH 8 dash light line, pH 4 dashed dark line Nature of Shift Descriptive Term To Longer Wavelength Bathochromic To Shorter Wavelength Hypsochromic To Greater Absorbance Hyperchromic To Lower Absorbance Hypochromic Table 2: Terminology for Absorption Shifts [1] 2 3 1 Figure 8 : Result obtain for Low concentration Liquid seldibrdge chromophore (1), high concentration Liquid seldibrdge chromophore (2), and unknown concentration of seldibrdge chromophore dissolved in polymer matrix and applied on glass substrate (3). [4], [5] Wavelength (in nm) Absorption 780 0.604 510 0.103 475 0.101 342 0.174 1063 .001 540 0.085 492 0.097 389 0.060 For low concentration Liquid seldibrdge chromophore, concentration is 2.9*10^-6 mol/L. peaks and absorption has been shown in following Table. Table 3: Wavelength and absorption for low concentration Liquid seldibrdge chromophore, concentration. [4][5] For higher concentration liquid seldibrdge chromophore, concentration is 2.9*10^-5 mol/L. Absorption of this sample is out of spectroscopy range. So it is required to dilute for further understanding and calculation. For unknown concentration of seldibrdge chromophore dissolved in polymer matrix and applied on glass substrate, concentration is unknown, so further calculation of extinction coefficient cannot be done, but peak absorption can be find. For this sample peak absorption is 0.512 at 808 nm wavelength. Using equation 3, we calculated Ɇº (extinction coefficient or absorptivity) is around 2.1E5 1 / M * cm at maximum absorption. Conclusion: UV-Visible spectroscopy is good for finding concentration or molar absorptivity of of biological macromolecule, organic molecule, transition metal, conjugated organic compound.. However, we need to make sure about pH of system and solvent before taking sample analysis. Using this spectroscopy, we find molar absorptivity or extinction coefficient of 2.9*10^-6 mol/L concentration Liquid seldibrdge chromophore for maximum absorption at given wavelength.

Life of Martin Luther :: essays research papers

The Life of Martin Luther   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Martin Luther lived in a period that had a wide spread desire for reformation of the Christan Churhc and played the role in the development of Protestantism. Luther was born at Eislebenin Saxony. Since his father was a miner, it was a great distress on him to send Martin to school and then to the University of Erfurt. That is where he earned his master’s degree at the young age of twenty-one(Erikson, 39). Although his father wished him to study law, Martin, after being terribly frightened in a thunderstorm, vowed to become a Friar. He entered the monastery of the Augustinian friars at Erfurt and was ordained a priest(Erikson, 167). He eventually earned a doctorate of theology. He grew disburbed by the growing abouve of indulgences. The cetrificate granted by the people in return for the payment of a fee to the church. It stated that the sould of a dead relative or a friend of the purchaser would have his time in purgatory reduced by many year’s or cancelled together. Also the person had to by an indulgence. This would allow them to receive their earthly penance, since no one knows that God’s ultimate punishment will be. The Catholic Church faith now has a doctrine to back the three principles of indulgences(Neil 18) (Underwood 345). the principles of indulgences first one that God mericful, but he also just. Next, Chrust and hte saints, through their inifnite virtue, established a treasury of merits on which the church, through its special relationship with Christ and the saints, can draw. Third, the Church has the authority to grant sinners the spiritual benefits of those meirts(Underwood, 345). Luther idea spread began writing the Ninty-five Theses or arguments against indulgences. That he began posting them on the Wittenberg where he preached. He wanted the public to know that he was debating against important issue. The Theses stated the simple folk believed that when they have bought the indulgence they have secured their salvation. They also, believed that if the money jingles in the box, souls are delievered from pungatory and all the sins will be foreign through a letter of indulgence(Neil, 21). Luther fears that urging people to seek escape from divine punishment through indulgences would lead them away from true sorrow for their sins and into a dangerous sense of false security(Judith,21). Luther defined Protestantism as a theological issues. At first was to salvation. The Catholic called salvation as attained through faith and good works. He said that salvation by the faith.

Comparing the Creation Scene in James Whales 1931 Frankenstein and Ken

Comparing the Creation Scene in James Whale's 1931 Frankenstein and Kenneth Brannagh's 1994 Frankenstein James Whale’s 1931 portrayal of Frankenstein when compared to Kenneth Brannagh’s alternate account from 1994 reveals some similarities but also many differences in the way they try to evoke emotions such as horror, fear and expectation from the audience and keep the plot moving. To do this, the directors have used a series of techniques, including: camera shots, use of sound and music, use of lighting and shadows, and mise-en-scene. Many of the differences and similarities between the films are due to the type of audience that the directors were aiming the films at. For example, Whale uses a very traditional horror opening for his creation scene, while Brannagh uses a more contemporary opening with light play and symbolism through candles and shadows. Some of the other main differences between the two styles of films are how closely the film follows the original book, the style through which genres such as horror, romance and action are portrayed, and the strength of the horror and special effects used to keep the audience in a state of expectancy and tension, but also scared and unsure of the outcome. James Whale was trying to create a shocking and contemporary film, which would scare his 1931 audience and be revolutionary in the techniques he used while still retaining a traditional gothic horror genre, whereas Kenneth Brannagh was trying to create an action film, which follows the original book more closely, and portrays the monster in a way that evokes sympathy for the monster, rather than hatred and violence towards a predetermine... ... the audience never really knew how it was going to turn out and what was coming next. However, social preferences and tolerances have changed dramatically over time and so that is why I don’t find the 1931 version as effective at portraying the story or creating tension. Moreover, I find that the 1931 film was certainly more revolutionary than 1994 and tried to go past original limits in regard to style and techniques used more effectively and more continuously than the later film. Finally, I find that although the 1931 film was more revolutionary and may have been more effective if compared with audiences from the respective times, I still prefer the later version it uses more modern effects and follows the original book more closely which allows people who have read the book to relate more closely to the film.

The role of communication in an organization performances

The specific issues bother on employee compensation and welfare while managers prefer the compromise, problem solving and dominating strategies to minimizing the Incidence of organisational conflicts. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended that strategies which promote industrial democracy should be chosen by management as the preferred option In dispute resolution.In addition, the Ideal level of conflict resolution required to attain optimum performance for every organisation is unique and situational hence managers are duty bound to establish the best maintainable by the organisation. Keywords: conflict, management, productivity, strategy The establishment and continuous existence of organisation through the realization of set goals and objectives requires the continuous and effective functioning of Its material input with the human element being indispensable.However, the human elements required to facilitate goals attainment often engage in disagreement and arianc e over factors such as Interest, views, style of management among others, The reactionary effect is due to the perceived incompatibilities resulting typically from some form of interference or opposition is term conflict. Azamosa (2004) observed that conflicts Involve the total range of behaviours and attitudes that Is In opposition between owners/managers on the one hand and working people on the other.It is a state of disagreement over issues of substance or emotional antagonism and may arise due to anger, mistrust or personality clashes. Irrespective of the factors esulting in conflict, it has been observed that industrial conflicts produce considerable effects on organisations and should be consciously managed as much as possible. For people to progress at work and other aspect of life, there must be cooperation which is essential to ensure task attainment and stability in life.However, it would be wrong to reach the conclusion that cooperation is good while conflict is bad, thi s Is because both concepts are pervasive and co-exlst In our social life. Conflict is inevitable given the wide range of goals for the different stakeholder n the organization and its absence signifies management emphasizes conformity ana stlTles Innovatlon. Ranlm ) oplnea tnat conTllct may De Interpersonal or inter group with Interpersonal conflicts occurring between a supervisor and his subordinate or between two individuals at the same level of the organizational hierarchy.Inter group conflicts often occur between two trade unions, between two departments or between management and workers while attempting to implement the policies and programme of the organization Hence, this paper reviews the sources, types, causes and consequential effect of onflict and its effective management on corporate productivity with the aim of suggesting a valid, objective and transferable conclusion to the banking industry using First Bank of Nigeria as a case study.

The Self in a Social World

L. I am but a mass of tanned skin, black-brown hair, intimidating eyes, relatively normal features, and limbs and extremities of regular length stuck onto a body of less than average height with a slight belly to match. I have never seen myself as physically fit, exactly, nor do I see myself as someone head-turning gorgeous like a lot of my friends are. There are a lot of things about me that I want to desperately change in a physical sense, because really, I am nothing above typical. Regular mood swings are a norm for me, hormonal imbalance or none, though I ant say I'm emotionally unstable.You might say I'm sensitive; I'm easily touched, easily ticked off, easily pleased, easily hurt. I tend to be intense and extreme with my emotions, and very vocal about it too. Without a venting outlet, my emotions may be easily displaced. My mood is often dangerous and difficult to control, like wildfire. Sometimes, I think of myself as a mirror; how I behave depends on the people I'm with. If h e's the shy type, I'm the shy type. If she's bubbly and talkative, then that's me as well. The only time this doesn't work is when the person I'm with is a loud and obnoxious ass.Normally when there are plenty of people I don't know, be it walking around the Magic complex or sitting in a classroom full of people I don't know, I'm very guarded and conscious of my actions, making me look cold and quiet sometimes. This stems from my intense fear of public embarrassment, I think. But once Vie settled in a little niche, especially with the people who are close to me, the loud, wild and sometimes shameless little monster inside of me comes out with a vengeance. He. I'm not exactly a socially-awkward person, nor am I totally socially-adept.I'm either mainstream nor hipster, trendsetter nor wallflower either. Truth is, I'm really just somewhere in between all that. And I like where I am. I'm not the type to be easily swayed by new trends, habits, practices and opinions, sans political opini ons because I am so pathetically apathetic on those matters. Only in recent years have I begun to be as friendly and cordial as I can to new people I meet. I often try to keep my mood and behavior in check when I'm with my friends as well, because even though they know about it, I don't want to show them the ugly side of me that I only how myself.Now, even if I didn't graduate as the class valedictorian and simply made it with a humble Honorable Mention medal, that hasn't stopped me from thinking of myself as fairly smart. I have intelligent parent's and relatives and I think that's influenced me plenty. I do read and write a lot. I pick up a lot of things from books and movies and my father to be able to do those well, so much that I was able to conquer my fear of public speaking. Although it doesn't apply all the time, I do pick up on things rather easily, making schoolwork lighter for me than most of my friends think so.Still, I don't think that highly of myself in this matter. I am not special, and again, nothing above typical. II. Physical: 1 . ) Physically fit 3. ) Attractive 4. ) Has dimples Emotional: 1 . ) Emotionally stable 2. ) Intense with her feelings 3. ) Short-tempered 4. ) Sensitive 5. ) Happy-go-lucky Behavioral: 1 Careful 2. ) Competitive 3. ) Energetic 4. ) Perfectionist Social: 1 Friendly 2. ) Sociable 3. ) May come off as intimidating and difficult to approach Cognitive: 1 . Above average 2. ) Intelligent 3. ) Witty 4. ) Competitive Ill.For the Physical aspect of the survey, to everything aside from the typical â€Å"average height, brown shoulder-length hair†, I say â€Å"WHAT? † I was honestly laughing at the number of people who responded with ‘physically fit' and ‘sexy, because not only is one of them awkward to read, I also don't find the other one true at all. I always berate myself for my thighs and my arms and my belly that seem to be growing a hundred miles per hour. The responses in the survey make me th ink one of two things: 1 . Maybe it's all in my head after all or 2. They're Just saying that because they don't want to make me feel bad. And to be honest, the second one seems a lot more plausible to me. Because, really, I can't see this body as ‘physically fit' at all. Other than that, almost everything else I read off the survey answers were pretty much things I'm aware of or I already knew about myself. It makes me think how transparent I really am of a person, even to people I haven't been friends with for over a year. This fact assures me somehow, and I seem to take it as a good thing.Since Vie always hated people who are fake and ‘plastic', two-faced people who only care about looking good in front of other people, it's good to know that people are seeing me as I really am, even the rough spots and the dark sides, and that I'm not one of those people I absolutely loathe. It's nice to know I haven't completely turned into the person I swore I'd never become. You'd probably expect me to say something like â€Å"This survey activity has opened my eyes and inspired me to change, etc. † but no, that's the exact opposite of what Vie realized.I realized that there's really nothing to change after all. I already like everything myself, my short-temperateness, my faux icy demeanor, and even my that. Lastly, I thank my friends who responded honestly to this survey. I got to see how other people saw me, something Vie always been curious about, and I learned, based on how fast I ran out of survey forms, how many people I actually consider as friends who also see me the same way. Also, based on the fact that I'm still friends with these people, I realized how much they've accepted me, despite all my shortcomings as a person and as a friend.